Calculating mechanism.



E. H. PALMER &'W. S. KINSLEY.

E. M. & H. V. PALMER 6L H. ROBERTS, EXECUTORS 0F E. H. PALMER, DECD.

CALCULATING MECHANiSM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.3. 1912.

' 1,212,249, Patented Jan.16,1917.

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' CALCULATING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED AU6.31 I9I2- 1 212 249 Patented Jan.16,1-917. 7/ A 2SIIETS-SHEET 2- Trig, 4,

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EDXARD H. PALMER AND WILLIAM S. KINSLEY, OF READING, MASSACHUSETTS; SAID KINSLEY ASSIGNOR T0 SAID PALMER; EMILY 'M. PALMER AND HAROLD V. PALMER;

BOTH OF READING, MASSACHUSETTS, AND WALTER ROBERTS, OF MALDEN, MASSACHUSETTS, EXECUTORS 0F SAID EDWARD H. PALMER,' DECEASED; SAID EXECUTORS ASSIGNORS' T0 EMILY M. PALMER AND- HAROLD V. PALMER, INDI- VIDUALLY.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDXVARD I-I. PALMER and WILLIAM S. KINsLEY, citizens of the United States, and residents of Reading, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

operation of effecting subtraction by means of addition, which requires the addition of a 1 to the cents column, the prevention of 'carr in be end the hi her value enumerated, and the reversal of the order of the digits; for instance, if a (3 is to be subtracted, 3 is added, and if a 5 is to be subtracted 4c is added, and if a 9 is to be subtracted there shall be an actuation of a lever which will do no adding but which will actuate the mechanism to print a 9. This method provides for the addition of the complement of 9 (the difference between'Q and the real amount to be subtracted) and the prevention of carrying as stated.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts substantially as hereinafter described and claimed. I

- Figure -1 is a plan View of enough of the mechanism to illustrate an embodiment of our invention which provides for subtraction; Fig. 2 represents a section on line 2--2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 represents a section on line,

3 3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a detail elevation of the devices shown at the lower left-hand corner ofFig. 1; Fig. 5 represents a section on line 5 5 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 represents a This invention relates to calculating ap-.

CALCULATING MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan 16 1917. Application filed August 3, 1912. Serial No. 713,142.

section on line 6 6 of 5; Fig. 7 represents a section on line 77 of Fig. 1-.-

Similar reference characters indicate the same or similar parts in all of the views.

Before explaining the structure and operation of the mechanism especially claimed herein, we will briefly refer to some of the co-acting parts which are the same as, or similar to, the mechanisms for the same purpose described in our said application A suitable base 5 having side frame members 6 supports a shaft 9 having arms 10*, 10", one or more springs 13 being provided to normally hold said shaft in such position that its arms will remain in proper normal positions. The frame also supports a bar 151 (Fig. 1) to which lever members 19 hereinafter described are pivoted, Finger disks 16, 16 and. 16* are carried by the outer ends of lever members 17 pivoted on a rod 106 and .held in their normal upper positions by springs 1'1 (Fig. 2). The levers 17 constitute the manually operated key levers. Levers 19 are pivoted at 15 and extend horizontally backwardly and nearly to the shaft 9*, said levers 19 having studs 20 and 29 extending from opposite sides thereof.

The levers referred to are arranged in groups of four, as'hereinafter more fully explained, while in the application 533,443 re ferred to, the mechanism remaining as the subject matter thereof shows such levers in groups of three. i v

Slides 31 suitably mo u'ri ed on the base have rack arms 41 pivotal y connected to their forward ends (Fig. 1) and actuating ratchet pinions 15 carrying indicator disks 46 mounted on spindles 4:7,the numerals of the indicating disksshowing through apercludes a series of pivoted arms or bars 51 having cam portions 51 and stop shoulders 51 stop pins 58 being located to limit the movements of said arms 51. One

. lid

end of each arm 51 has n carrying arm 54 pivoted to it and the other vend has a. detent 55 pivoted to it. Springs 61 connected tothe pivoted arms 51 so as to normally hold the detent arms against 1 with the ends of said arms in the of ratchet pins carried by lions l that illbel a ratchet o. from 1 to 9, a

the detent cillate f o n i l...lOl1 to the endfporb are K101 int .e, pins which cooperate xvi so described in retnrr normel position', and to engage toe detent at certain times. the mechanism inclur la said shafts K9 and 119 forms no part of the present invention, urther desc iption thereof herein is not necessary.

s i Yes 31 are provided with pins 181 gaged by a .detent bill 180 havconnectcd to" a plate 197. Said nitnhly mounted to reciprocate tal plane, said plate having raclr hy toothed segments 201 to the rock-shaft 9. oscillates it imparts ioveinents to the arms 182 to the performs the owing to .ng in the .vard mo /em. r

detcnt bar 1 rom being nigh, from being 121). ried back tune times, we provide a post ha ing horizontal depending log or l g heinghigh nt oar move for resetting. i from. being acci I 1 is raised to licati on describes 1nechaising of bar 180 bar" having the in that applieslw purpose of the that said bar to permit reset sainie reference tion), it is snlii present applicz he rai' Asshown near one end Sold shaft is El (d to have a lin I i. 9 is formed groove 245?. is to enable it movement in leftv re forward to its hearings. And as shown in said figure, the racks 200 are made wide enough so that the toothed segments 201 will not be disengaged from said racks when the shaft. 9 is reciprocsted.

To reciprocate said shaft we provide a yoke arm 246 having pins engaging the annular groove 245, said arm being carried by a rock-shaft 2 17 (see Figs. 1 and 3). A spring 248 coiled on the shaft 247, and attached thereto at 249 and at a fixed point 256, normally tends to shift the shaft 9 toward the left of the machine. To oscillate the rock-shaft 2 17' and consequently a slide 252 (see Figs. 4, 5 and 6). A latch E253, pivoted at 2 54: to the top of said slide, has a hook portion which engages a fixed pin 255 When the slide is shifted to the extreme right in such manner that the said slide holds the arm 251 of shaft 24:7 in the position shown in Fig. l. To cause the latch to be automatically held in this position. a spring 256 is mounted in a recess in the slide and acts upward against a heel 258 of said latch to cause the hook of the latch to engage fixed pin 255, said latch having also an operating handle 25?. Heel 258 extends in such direction and is so positioned as to limit the movement of its latch and its handle to a point not materially ifarther than is sufficient to disengage the latch from the pin 255, and still enable said handle to be utilized to shift the slide laterally or toward the left. To guide said'slide across the machine, the base 5 is formed with Ways or grooves 259 preferably asshown, one in the front surface and one in the top surface. A rib or pin projects from the slide into the front groove and a screw projects downward into the upper groove, a screw being employed for this purpose to facilitate assembling the parts. A

To hold the slide 252 in proper position laterally of the machine as hereinafter dcscrihed, the base 5 is shown as provided with a series of notches 260 adapted to receive a spring detent 261 mounted under said slide.

lfhe slide 252 is provided With a cam pro jectioin 262 see 1), which cam is adapted to engage any one of the pivoted bars 51 at the left end thereof and to which end the arm 54 is pivoted. it will new be under stood that when said slide is in such a posi tion as to oppose movement or oscillation of one of the bars 51, carrying cannot be effected beyond that point or toward the left of the machine.

l/Vith the exception of the one st the ei:--

. treme right of the machine, all of the rock If the sum of the niinucnd, as shown by the ills oi. the key levers for the two calculations it re I 5 7 8 Qwhcn set fol-addition, 4 3 2 l 0 when set for subtraction.

The operator however does not need to know this, and is not liable to be confused by two sets of numerals on the disks of the key levers. As shown in Fig.1, the key levers bear but one of numerals.

To set our machine for the operation 01"? subtraction we first move '5 slide to the left until it is positioned so [that its handle 5257 is directly in front of the aperture 18, cut in the plate 49, at Which the number of the highest denomination in the ininuend is visible The purpose of s" is lst. To prevent the carrying of a cater of the next highest denomination. 2nd. To allow sutomatical rocking of shaft 24%, and through arm 53 516, shirt the shaft 9 laterally to e position whereby the depression of any of the key levers 13', heretotore effecting addition are now in contact with a difi'erent set of slot-ted levers, said new levers being so proportioned that, while they really continue to perform addition, the values of the sums added, instead of being as indicated on their finger disks 16, really add the complements ot the figure .nine. ive then shift the typewriter carriage to such position that if a number were to be added its indication would awear at the aperture of the highest denomination of the mmuencl, and proceed. as in ordinary addi tron, that when no numbers appear to be subtracted, (as represented by the first four number place in following ample), we depress hey, indicated by the star 16, said star-key providing the addition of the figure 9, which is the complement of the figure 0, but Without the printing" of numeral on the paper.

To illustrate:

, indicators. is 12 Anal the sum of the subtrahcud be v.

C000 ClOU The carrying to the lef t being; stopped, this first depression indicates no resuit.. G2- The second depression of the star key adds 9 The logical-ted result ion- The thiro depression of the st The indicated result is l 78 en to the indiomers The fourth depression of the star key is equivalent to printing a comma, or depressing the space-bar. It steps the carriage but it has no power to change the indicators, as tlicy,o.re not connected for actuation at a point of printing a comma. or period. 1

The last indicated result was The fifth depression of the star key adds The indicated result is The sixth depression is by the 7 key, (but by its changed connection it adds the complement of 9,) which is I 2 The indicated result is 123, 376. 78

The seventh depression is by the 8 key, its

changed connection adding 1 The indicated result is The eighth depression is by the period, stepping the carriage one step.

The ninth depression is by the-zero key, not

by the star key, because in this position we desire to print the zeros; by Its changed connection, it also adds the complement of 0," which is 9 :9

The indicated result is 123, 378. 68 The tenth depression is by he a:

adding as before, 9"- -c 9 The final result would be shown on the indicators as But as 1 is automatically added on thecents indicator whenever said indicator is actuated in subtraction, -1 k 1 A correct indication of the result is shown All theseichanges occur automatically'as rap-idly as the operator can make ten hand motions after shifting the slide 252.

The typewritten figures appear on the paper The result shown by the indicators 15-; 123, 378. 78

It will now be readily understood that this structure providing for subtraction by adding the complements ofthe numeral 9, may be utilized for resetting the indicators to I zero, so that all of the zero-setting mechanism described and illustrated may be dis-- pensed with, thus doing away with nearly one-half of the mechanical parts illustrated. This is because, by subtracting the same sum as the one which has been indicated by addi-l said mechanism including a series of coun-. ters, actuators tor said counters, and shiftable connections to alter the ellectof the actuators upon the counters according to with the printing of the total on, the

actuating them, and adjustable connections whereby the said set of finger keys may cause the indicators to show the result of addition or the result of subtraction, said connections including a series of groups of differently proportioned compound levers.

3. A calculating apparatus comprising a series of indicators, a set of finger keys for actuating them, and adjustable connections whereby the said set of finger keys may cause the indicators to show the result of addition or the result of subtraction, said connections including a series of groups of compound levers ditlerently proportioned to cause the indicators to exhibit the differences between nine and the numerals of the keys when adjusted for subtraction.

4. A calculating mechanism for adding or subtracting comprising a series of indicators, a series of finger key members each having a single numeral thereon, and shiftable connections whereby any one of the key members may either actuate an indicator ac cording to the numeral borne by said key member or to an amount equal to the difference between that numeral and nine, said connections including a series of groups of differently proportioned compound levers.

5. A calculating mechanism for adding or subtracting, comprising a series of indicators, a series of finger key members each having a single numeral thereon, and shiftable connections whereby any one of the key members may either actuate an indicator according to the numeral borne by said key member or to an amount equal to the difference between that numeral and nine, said connections including a rock-shaft having a series of pairs of arms spaced to permit but onearm at .a time to be connected with a finger key member.

6. A calculating mechanism for adding or subtracting, comprising a series of indicators, a series of finger key members, a group of levers for each of said members, the groups having motion-transmitting connections at different distances from their fulcrums, a rock-shaft having a series of pairs of arms, and means for longitudinally shifting said shaft, the arms thereof being spaced to engage one or the other of said pairs with a group of levers.

7. A calculating mechanism for adding or subtracting, comprising a series of indicators, a series of finger key members, a group of levers for each of said members, each group comprising overlapping members one of which has motion-transmitting connections with two others at different distances from their fulcrums, a rock-shaft having a series of pairs of arms, and means for longitudinally shitting said shaft, the arms thereof being spaced to engage one or the other of each pair with one of the said differently connected members.

8. calculating mechanism for adding or subtracting, comprising a series of indicators, a series of finger key members, shiftable connections whereby said members may actuate the indicators to different amounts, a movable carrying stop for the indicators, and means whereby the position of said stop will automatically set the said shittable connections for subtraction or addition.

In testimony whereof we have afiiXed our signatures, in presence of two witnesses.

EDl/VARD H. PALMER.

WVILLIAM S. KINSLEY.

Witnesses A. W. HARRISON, P. W. PEZZETTI. 

